Latest studies
Every paper our editors flag with a plain-language note and an evidence rating. Filter by evidence, species, or design to find what actually applies to you.
- Study · GlutathioneWeak / none
Preconditioning and supplementation with glutathione ameliorates oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and restores metabolic imbalance in insulin-resistant myotubes.
This in-vitro study directly applied glutathione to insulin-resistant muscle cells and used NMR metabolomics to map the pathways associated with its antioxidant effects. Glutathione is the central agent here, though the findings are limited to a cell-culture model and describe partial metabolic restoration rather than clinical outcomes. It is a genuine glutathione study, best read as mechanistic and preliminary.
Biochemical and biophysical research communicationsn=—In vitroAug 13, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneMixed
A review of the potential benefits and limitations of oral glutathione supplementation.
A broad narrative review with oral glutathione as its explicit subject across multiple conditions. It reports associations with reduced oxidative stress and various potential benefits but repeatedly flags the need to establish dosing, long-term effects, and side effects. Claims framed as potential, not proven.
Inflammopharmacologyn=——Jul 14, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneMixed
Efficacy and Safety of Glutathione Supplementation in Type 2 Diabetes & Diabetes Complications.
A narrative review with glutathione as its central subject in type 2 diabetes. It reports favorable safety and associations with improved metabolic markers but characterizes findings as heterogeneous and preliminary. Rigorous trials are still needed.
Nutrientsn=——Jul 1, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneWeak / none
Exogenous MOTS-c mitigates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury: experimental and in silico evidence from rat heart models.
This proof-of-concept study sought an optimal cardioprotective dose of MOTS-c in isolated rat hearts subjected to ischaemia-reperfusion, supported by molecular docking. Researchers report that 0.5 mg/kg gave maximal protection, a 73% reduction in infarct size versus injury alone, with improved haemodynamics, lower lactate dehydrogenase release, boosted antioxidant defences, and downregulated pro-apoptotic genes. The dose-response framing is genuinely useful for the field. But this is an ex vivo, single-model study; the authors themselves flag the lack of systemic influences and limited dose range, and call for pharmacokinetic and broader dosing work. These are preclinical findings; human data are needed before any clinical conclusions. It strengthens the animal cardioprotection signal while being refreshingly explicit about its own limits.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacologyn=—AnimalApr 1, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneMixed
Efficacy and Safety of Glutathione Supplementation in Patients with HIV Infection and HIV-Tuberculosis Co-Infection.
A narrative review with glutathione as its central subject in HIV and HIV-TB co-infection. It reports consistent safety and associations with restored thiol balance and immune function, while noting short study durations and lack of standardized biomarkers. Encouraging but not practice-changing.
Nutrientsn=——Feb 9, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneMixed
Liposomal glutathione outperforms plain glutathione in uptake, cell regeneration and systemic availability: evidence from cellular and human models.
Combines a cell-based assay with a small open-label human pharmacokinetic study (12 subjects) comparing liposomal versus plain oral glutathione. The liposomal form is associated with higher bioavailability, but the human arm is small and unblinded, so conclusions are preliminary.
The British journal of nutritionn=——Jan 21, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneMixed
A cluster analysis of 466 patients demonstrates that glutathione supplementation could preferentially benefit advanced unstable cirrhosis phenotype rather than stable cirrhosis.
A retrospective cohort using clustering rather than a controlled trial, so causal conclusions are limited. Glutathione is the direct subject, associated with benefit only in a specific high-risk phenotype while the overall population showed worsened MELD scores. Hypothesis-generating, needing prospective validation.
Frontiers in pharmacologyn=—HumanJan 1, 2026 - Study · GlutathioneWeak / none
Mechanistic study of the Tβ4/SLC7A11 signaling pathway regulating breast cancer evolution.
A mechanistic laboratory study, using cell lines plus in vivo rescue experiments, reporting that Thymosin beta-4 (Tbeta4) is over-expressed in breast cancer tissue and that higher expression tracks with worse clinical outcomes. Researchers found that Tbeta4 promoted cancer-cell proliferation, migration and blood-vessel formation while suppressing a form of cell death (ferroptosis), acting through the SLC7A11 antiporter; silencing SLC7A11 abolished these effects. These are preclinical findings in cancer cells and animal models; human data are needed before clinical conclusions can be drawn. Its relevance to TB-500 is indirect but worth noting: TB-500 is a synthetic fragment of Tbeta4, and this line of research frames Tbeta4 as a driver of tumour biology rather than a benign repair signal. It studies the native protein, not TB-500, and does not measure any effect of exogenous administration. For readers weighing TB-500, it is a caution flag on the parent molecule's cancer-related signalling, not evidence about the peptide's marketed uses.
Cellular signallingn=—In vitroDec 1, 2025 - Study · GlutathioneWeak / none
Effectiveness of oral glutathione in reducing nitric oxide and IL-1α concentrations for clinical improvement in mild to moderate acne vulgaris: a randomized controlled trial.
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial (40 subjects) with oral glutathione as the direct intervention in acne. Reductions in nitric oxide and IL-1α did not reach statistical significance and clinical improvement was modest, so it is best read as a small negative-to-inconclusive trial. Human evidence directly on glutathione, warranting cautious coverage.
Acta dermatovenerologica Alpina, Pannonica, et Adriatican=—HumanSep 1, 2025 - Study · GlutathioneMixed
Exploring the Safety and Efficacy of Glutathione Supplementation for Skin Lightening: A Narrative Review.
A narrative review with glutathione as its central subject across skin-lightening routes. It reports depigmenting activity but flags serious safety concerns with intravenous use, including anaphylaxis and hepatotoxicity, and a lack of standardized dosing. The authors call for large, rigorous trials before routine use.
Cureusn=——Jan 1, 2025